Language in France
French language proficiency is increasingly important for immigration and essential for quality of life in France.
2026 Immigration Language Requirements
| Status | Required Level | Test |
|---|---|---|
| Multi-year residence permit | A2 | TEF/TCF |
| 10-year Carte de Résident | B1 (increased from A2) | TEF/TCF |
| French Citizenship | B2 (increased from B1) | TEF/TCF |
Language exemptions: Over 65 for residence permits (not citizenship), certain disabilities.
French Proficiency Levels
| Level | Description | Capability |
|---|---|---|
| A1 | Beginner | Basic phrases, simple interactions |
| A2 | Elementary | Routine tasks, simple conversations |
| B1 | Intermediate | Main points, most travel situations |
| B2 | Upper-intermediate | Complex texts, spontaneous interaction |
| C1 | Advanced | Demanding texts, fluent expression |
| C2 | Mastery | Near-native proficiency |
English in France
| Area | English Level |
|---|---|
| Paris tourist areas | Moderate-Good |
| Paris business | Good |
| Major cities center | Moderate |
| Provincial towns | Low |
| Rural areas | Very Low |
Many younger French people speak some English, but don't expect it outside international contexts.
Learning French
In France:
- Alliance Française (worldwide network)
- University courses (Paris universities offer affordable options)
- Private tutors (€25-50/hour)
- Intensive courses (€200-500/week)
Online:
- Duolingo (free, good for basics)
- Babbel (structured courses)
- italki (online tutors)
- TV5Monde (free resources)
Immersion:
- Most effective method
- Join local activities
- Avoid English-speaking bubbles
- Use French for daily errands
Essential Phrases
| French | English |
|---|---|
| Bonjour | Hello (formal) |
| Bonsoir | Good evening |
| S'il vous plaît | Please |
| Merci (beaucoup) | Thank you (very much) |
| Excusez-moi | Excuse me |
| Je ne comprends pas | I don't understand |
| Parlez-vous anglais? | Do you speak English? |
| L'addition, s'il vous plaît | The bill, please |
Cultural Notes
Always start with "Bonjour": Entering a shop, restaurant, or any interaction without greeting is considered rude.
Vouvoiement vs Tutoiement: Use "vous" (formal you) with strangers, officials, and in professional settings. "Tu" (informal) only with friends and children.
French appreciate effort: Even imperfect French is generally well-received. Apologizing for poor French and asking to continue in English is polite.
Pro Tips
- •B2 French now required for citizenship—start learning early
- •Always begin interactions with "Bonjour"—it's essential etiquette
- •Use "vous" (formal) with strangers; "tu" only with friends
- •Alliance Française offers standardized, quality courses worldwide
- •Immersion is most effective—avoid English-speaking bubbles
Have questions about language in France?